IP2DM: integrated privacy‐preserving data management architecture for smart grid V2G networks

With the development of battery vehicles, vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) networks are becoming more and more important in smart grid. Although battery vehicles are environmentally friendly and flexible to use two‐way communication and two‐way electricity flow, they also raise privacy‐preservation challenges, such as location and movement privacy. On the one hand, utility companies have to monitor the grid and analyze user data to control the power production, distribution, scheduling, and billing process, while typical users need to access their data later online. On the other hand, users are not willing to provide their personal data because they do not trust the system security of the utility companies where their data stored, and it may potentially expose their privacy. Therefore, in this paper, we study data management of V2G networks in smart grid with privacy‐preservation to benefit both the customers and the utility companies. Both data aggregation and data publication of V2G networks are protected in the proposed architecture. To check its security, we analyze this architecture in several typical V2G networks attacks. We conduct several experiments to show that the proposed architecture is effective and efficient, and it can enhance user privacy protection while providing enough information for utility companies to analyze and monitor the grid. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于PSoC的节日彩灯控制系统

使用CYPRESS公司生产的PSoC开发板,在Creator2.0平台上编程,设计模拟脉冲产生电路,并由数字电路组成的计数器进行二级十六分频,得到时钟控制信号,然后用查找表完成控制逻辑的设计,最终控制彩灯的有序变化,在单芯片上实现了模数混合的彩灯控制功能。     

量子点敏化太阳电池对电极材料研究进展

作为第三代太阳电池,量子点敏化太阳电池因兼具低成本和高理论转化效率而备受关注.对电极是量子点敏化太阳电池的重要组成部分,是影响电池的光电转换性能及稳定性的重要因素之一.介绍了量子点敏化太阳电池对电极的功能和制备方法,重点介绍了对电极材料的分类及研究进展,并就对电极材料的发展前景进行了展望.     

Synthesis of Gemini‐Like Methyl Acrylate‐Acrylic Acid‐Methyl Acrylate Triblock Copolymers Surfactants by RAFT Polymerization in Solution and Investigation of their Behavior at the Air–Water Interface

A series of methyl acrylate‐acrylic acid amphiphilic triblock copolymers (PMA‐PAA‐PMA) were prepared by solution polymerization using S,S′‐bis (α,α‐dimethy1acetic acid) trithiocarbonate (BDAT) as a reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent and methyl acrylate (MA) as the first monomer. The triblock copolymers and their common MA homopolymer precursors were characterized in terms of their compositions, molecular weights and behavior at the air–water interface using ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, gel permeation chromatography, surface tension, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering respectively. The results indicated that PMA‐PAA‐PMA was successfully synthesized through RAFT polymerization. The polydispersity index (PDI) decreased when the molar ratio [n(MA)/n(AA)] increased, the lowest PDI was obtained at 5.23 wt% RAFT and the molecular weights were consistent with the theoretical value as the RAFT agent percentage varied. The polymer neutralized by sodium hydroxide solution shows a low critical micelle concentration (CMC), which was <10^?2 mol L^?1 in water. The A_min values increased and showed a maximum with decreased AA chain length. TEM showed that the neutralized polymer formed a special vesicle structure with large pore structure which led to a low CMC and surface tension of water.     

Recent Advances in Counter Electrodes for Thiolate-mediated Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on disulfide/thiolate (T₂/T⁻) redox couples have attracted remarkable attention due to their high efficiency and low cost. As an indispensible part of DSSCs, counter electrode (CE) design plays a crucial role in high efficiency DSSCs. This mini-review paper selectively reviews the recent advances in T-mediated DSSCs using novel CE (namely cathode) materials, mainly including noble metal platinum (Pt), carbon materials, transition metal compounds (TMCs), polymers, and hybrids, thus highlighting the merits and demerits of alternative Pt catalysts, and the prospects and challenges of Pt-free CEs for the development of high-performance and low-cost DSSCs.     

Smoke and toxicity suppression by zinc salts in flame‐retardant polyurethane‐polyisocyanurate foams filled with phosphonate and chlorinated phosphate

Three types of zinc salts, ZnAl₂O₄, ZnFe₂O_4, and Zn₂SiO_4, were prepared by coprecipitation. Potential smoke and toxicity suppression by zinc salts in flame‐retardant polyurethane‐polyisocyanurate foams (FPUR‐PIR) with dimethylmethylphosphonate (DMMP) and tris (2‐chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) were investigated. The crystal structure and dispersity of zinc salts in FPUR‐PIR were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Smoke density, flame retardancy, and thermal degradation were studied using smoke density rating (SDR), limiting oxygen index (LOI), the cone calorimeter test, and thermogravimetry coupled with FTIR spectrophotometry (TGA‐FTIR). The results indicated that pure zinc salts were obtained and evenly dispersed on the cell wall of FPUR‐PIR. SDR and the specific extinction area (SEA) were significantly decreased, the time to second heat release rate peak (pk‐HRR) of FRUP‐PIR was delayed after incorporation of the zinc salts; zinc salts partially inhibited phosphorus oxide release into the gas phase, enhanced the condensed phase effect of phosphorus, reduced, and prolonged the release of isocyanate compound and hydrogen cyanide from FRUP‐PIR; due to an increase in the amount of char residues, which indicated the suppression of smoke and toxicity volatiles. ZnFe₂O₄ resulted in better char formation at the initial degradation stage of FPUR‐PIR, and ZnAl₂O₄ retained more phosphorus in the solid phase at higher temperature. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41846.     

DABCO催化蒽酮与二亚苄基丙酮的Michael加成反应研究

以二亚苄基丙酮类衍生物和蒽酮为原料,采用有机催化合成9种新型蒽酮衍生物,考察不同催化剂、溶剂等反应条件对产品产率的影响,筛选得到最优催化剂为三乙烯二胺(DABCO),最优溶剂为二氯甲烷,产率最高达89.9%。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定白酒的28种微量元素

应用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES),不经消解直接测定8种白酒中的Al,As,B,Ba,Be,Ca,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,K,Li,Mg,Mn,Mo,Na,Ni,Pb,Pd,S,Sb,Si,Sr,Ti,V,W,Zn元素并对方法的仪器条件进行了优化。与传统的消解方法进行比较,实验结果表明本方法的测定结果与消解的测定结果基本一致。本方法各元素线性相关系数均大于0.9995,加标回收率在94%~105%之间。本方法不需要消解,大大提高了样品的测试速度并且节省人力物力。本实验为白酒品质的鉴定提供实验数据。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定1,4-丁炔二醇水溶液中二氧化硅

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定1,4-丁炔二醇水溶液中的二氧化硅,用标准加入法能够很好的消除基体效应,R2=0.9999,方法的加标回收率在96.5%~103.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=9)为0.2%~5.0%。